1. The Role of Cytochrome P450s in Insect Toxicology and Resistance.

Nauen R, Bass C, Feyereisen R, Vontas J. Annu Rev Entomol. 2022 Jan 7;67:105-124. doi: 10.1146/annurev-ento-070621-061328. Epub 2021 Sep 30. PMID: 34590892.

Abstract: Insect cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) perform a variety of important physiological functions, but it is their role in the detoxification of xenobiotics, such as natural and synthetic insecticides, that is the topic of this review. Recent advances in insect genomics and postgenomic functional approaches have provided an unprecedented opportunity to understand the evolution of insect P450s and their role in insect toxicology. These approaches have also been harnessed to provide new insights into the genomic alterations that lead to insecticide resistance, the mechanisms by which P450s are regulated, and the functional determinants of P450-mediated insecticide resistance. In parallel, an emerging body of work on the role of P450s in defining the sensitivity of beneficial insects to insecticides has been developed. The knowledge gained from these studies has applications for the management of P450-mediated resistance in insect pests and can be leveraged to safeguard the health of important beneficial insects.

Link to Repository:

https://zenodo.org/record/5902546#.Yxr-13ZBxaQ

Link to Publisher:

https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-ento-070621-061328

2. Functionally characterized arthropod pest and pollinator cytochrome P450s associated with xenobiotic metabolism.

Katsavou E, Riga M, Ioannidis P, King R, Zimmer CT, Vontas J. Pestic Biochem Physiol. 2022 Feb;181:105005. doi: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2021.105005. Epub 2021 Dec 13. PMID: 35082029.

Abstract: The cytochrome P450 family (P450s) of arthropods includes diverse enzymes involved in endogenous essential physiological functions and in the oxidative metabolism of xenobiotics, insecticides and plant allelochemicals. P450s can also establish insecticide selectivity in bees and pollinators. Several arthropod P450s, distributed in different phylogenetic groups, have been associated with xenobiotic metabolism, and some of them have been functionally characterized, using different in vitro and in vivo systems. The purpose of this review is to summarize scientific publications on arthropod P450s from major insect and mite agricultural pests, pollinators and Papilio sp, which have been functionally characterized and shown to metabolize xenobiotics and/or their role (direct or indirect) in pesticide toxicity or resistance has been functionally validated. The phylogenetic relationships among these P450s, the functional systems employed for their characterization and their xenobiotic catalytic properties are presented, in a systematic approach, including critical aspects and limitations. The potential of the primary P450-based metabolic pathway of target and non-target organisms for the development of highly selective insecticides and resistance-breaking formulations may help to improve the efficiency and sustainability of pest control.

Link to Repository:

https://zenodo.org/record/5903059#.YxsFUnZBxaR

Link to Publisher:

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048357521002364